ANCE IN THE HOLE AND THE BIG CARNIVAL

NASA’s Voyager 2 flyby of Uranus decades ago shaped scientists’ understanding of the planet but also introduced unexplained oddities. A recent data dive has offered answers. When NASA’s Voyager 2 spacecraft flew by Uranus in 1986, it provided scientists’ first — and, so far, only — close glimpse of this strange, sideways-rotating outer planet. Alongside the discovery of new moons and rings, baffling new mysteries confronted scientists. The energized particles around the planet defied their understanding of how magnetic fields work to trap particle radiation, and Uranus earned a reputation as an outlier in our solar system. Now, new research analyzing the data collected during that flyby 38 years ago has found that the source of that particular mystery is a cosmic coincidence: It turns out that in the days just before Voyager 2’s flyby, the planet had been affected by an unusual kind of space weather that squashed the planet’s magnetic field, dramatically compressing Uranus’ magnetosphere. “If Voyager 2 had arrived just a few days earlier, it would have observed a completely different magnetosphere at Uranus,” said Jamie Jasinski of NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory in Southern California and lead author of the new work published in Nature Astronomy. “The spacecraft saw Uranus in conditions that only occur about 4% of the time.” Magnetospheres serve as protective bubbles around planets (including Earth) with magnetic cores and magnetic fields, shielding them from jets of ionized gas — or plasma — that stream out from the Sun in the solar wind. Learning more about how magnetospheres work is important for understanding our own planet, as well as those in seldom-visited corners of our solar system and beyond. That’s why scientists were eager to study Uranus’ magnetosphere, and what they saw in the Voyager 2 data in 1986 flummoxed them. Inside the planet’s magnetosphere were electron radiation belts with an intensity second only to Jupiter’s notoriously brutal radiation belts. But there was apparently no source of energized particles to feed those active belts; in fact, the rest of Uranus’ magnetosphere was almost devoid of plasma. The missing plasma also puzzled scientists because they knew that the five major Uranian moons in the magnetic bubble should have produced water ions, as icy moons around other outer planets do. They concluded that the moons must be inert with no ongoing activity.

Solving the Mystery !!!
So why was no plasma observed, and what was happening to beef up the radiation belts? The new data analysis points to the solar wind. When plasma from the Sun pounded and compressed the magnetosphere, it likely drove plasma out of the system. The solar wind event also would have briefly intensified the dynamics of the magnetosphere, which would have fed the belts by injecting electrons into them. The findings could be good news for those five major moons of Uranus: Some of them might be geologically active after all. With an explanation for the temporarily missing plasma, researchers say it’s plausible that the moons actually may have been spewing ions into the surrounding bubble all along. Planetary scientists are focusing on bolstering their knowledge about the mysterious Uranus system, which the National Academies’ 2023 Planetary Science and Astrobiology Decadal Survey prioritized as a target for a future NASA mission. JPL’s Linda Spilker was among the Voyager 2 mission scientists glued to the images and other data that flowed in during the Uranus flyby in 1986. She remembers the anticipation and excitement of the event, which changed how scientists thought about the Uranian system. “The flyby was packed with surprises, and we were searching for an explanation of its unusual behavior. The magnetosphere Voyager 2 measured was only a snapshot in time,” said Spilker, who has returned to the iconic mission to lead its science team as project scientist. “This new work explains some of the apparent contradictions, and it will change our view of Uranus once again.” Voyager 2, now in interstellar space, is almost 13 billion miles (21 billion kilometers) from Earth.

https://d2pn8kiwq2w21t.cloudfront.net/documents/Universe_-_November_2024.pdf

compagnon.yanis.tignard @Yanis_Tignard · 3 min
En réponse à @LaCasaBlanca
LE TRIOMPHE ÉVANOUI ?
CLOCHE SUR LE TERME DU SIFFLET SUR LA COMPOSITION, ∞, LE PRIMORDIAL, LE FONDAMENTAL, LA PHRASE, LE MOT, Y'BECCA ET LA CIRCONSTANCE D'ÊTRE.
∞ EST NE PAS CONFONDRE L'OFFRANDE ET LE SACRIFICE : SITUATION PERMET DE DISTINGUER LA SIGNIFICATION ET L'ORGUEIL.
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EN LA VÉRITÉ ET LA LIBERTÉ !
LA CIRCONSTANCE DU DÉBAT AUX GERMES DE SA PROPRE VISION OÙ UN SON SE FAIT ENTENDRE ET IL EST LIMPIDE DE LA VIE :
LE PHÉNOMÈNE S’ATTRIBUÂT LA DURÉE ET LE PHÉNOMÈNE DEVIENT LE LIEU CAR
LE FONDAMENTAL EST LE PRINCIPE DE CELUI QUI ACQUIERT SES DROITS.
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PAINS DU DIMANCHE À LA PETITE BOUGIE QUI RÉCHAUFFE LA PETITE FILLE AUX ALLUMETTES :
LES ORPHELINES ET LE PHARE.
TOUTES LUMIÈRES ONT BESOIN D'UNE BOUGIE ET D'UNE BOUTEILLE D'EAU
POUR RÉCHAUFFER LA SOLITUDE DE L'ORPHELIN SANS SOUILLÉ L'ÉTHIQUE
DE L'EXISTENCE ET DES ÉVOLUTIONS.
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O CYCLE DES EAUX, ANTIGONE LA SAGE VOIT LE TYPHON ET LE CYCLONE !
LA COMBATTANTE C'EST ÊTRE EN LE VOULOIR DE SA PATRIE ET DE GARDER SON ÉTHIQUE DE CARACTÈRE
QU'ELLE SOIT DE DROITE OU DE GAUCHE !
LA JUSTICE POSSÈDE DEUX PLATEAUX, NE L'OUBLIEZ JAMAIS, RÉPUBLICAINE ET DÉMOCRATE.
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LA PHILOSOPHIE SE TRANSFORME EN HÉDONISME, LA JOUISSANCE CRIARDE.
LE TERME SE RETROUVE DANS L’ÉLÉMENT PRIMORDIAL ET LE FONDAMENTAL
S’ÉCROULE POUR DEVENIR FONDAMENTAL AYANT CRÉER SON VERBE, SA SOIF
ET SON SUJET: LE TERME SE TRANSFORME EN UN RYTHME AUQUEL ELLE EST ET IL EST.
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TRIOMPHE ÉVANOUI FAIT PLACE AUX ORGUEILS DE LA GLOIRE :
LE SIGNIFIANT NE SE PRÉNOMME PLUS, IL SE CONSOMME EN L'ENCENS BÉNI, CAR DANS LES TERMES DU PRINCIPE,
LA VOLUPTÉ DE L’ÉPHÉMÈRE SE CONSTRUIT EN LA RICHESSE ÉTABLIE SUR LE MENSONGE DES PRINCIPES ET DES RAISONS :
NAVIRES.
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A model of the CHIME instrument has recently undergone rigorous testing to confirm it can endure the stresses of launch and the harsh conditions of space. This new Copernicus mission will provide critical data to support sustainable agriculture, and more. The rising global population and accelerating effects of climate change are intensifying threats to food security. To help address this major issue, ESA is developing CHIME, which stands for the Copernicus Hyperspectral Imaging Mission for the Environment. This new satellite will carry a unique visible to shortwave-infrared imaging spectrometer to return spectroscopic measurements to support new and enhanced services for sustainable agricultural and biodiversity management, as well to characterise soil properties, which is key to vegetation health. As part of the development process, a model of this critical instrument has undergone rigorous testing at IAGB’s facilities in Germany to verify its thermal and structural integrity, ensuring it can endure the challenges of liftoff and the harsh conditions of life in orbit. These essential tests involved placing the instrument in a vacuum chamber and subjecting it to extreme temperature fluctuations, verifying that its weight and centre of mass align with design specifications, and mounting it on a shaker to confirm its resilience against the intense vibrations and noise it will encounter during launch. Jens Nieke, ESA’s CHIME Project Manager, said, “We are very happy to say that the tests went very well, and the CHIME instrument model came through with flying colours. Our thanks go to all the teams involved.
“These tests allow us to move forward with the mission development with the knowledge that this remarkable instrument is sturdy enough to withstand the eventual launch and life in space.” On 12 November 2014, after a ten-year journey through the Solar System and over 500 million kilometres from home, Rosetta’s lander Philae made space exploration history by touching down on a comet for the first time. On the occasion of the tenth anniversary of this extraordinary feat, we celebrate by taking a look back over the mission's highlights.
Rosetta was an ESA mission with contributions from its Member States and NASA. It studied Comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko for over two years, including delivering lander Philae to the comet’s surface. Philae was provided by a consortium led by DLR, MPS, CNES and ASI. ESA’s Hera mission has completed the first critical manoeuvre on its journey to the Didymos binary asteroid system since launch on 7 October. On 23 October, Hera fired its three orbital control thrusters for 100 minutes, kicking off its first deep-space manoeuvre and changing its velocity by approximately 146 m/s. A second burn on 6 November lasted 13 minutes with the aim of providing an additional boost of around 20 m/s. Together, these burns have put Hera on a trajectory that will enable a gravity assist at Mars in March 2025. “Deep-space manoeuvres are often split into parts,” explains Sylvain Lodiot, Hera Spacecraft Operations Manager. “The first, larger burn does most of the work. Then, after precisely measuring the spacecraft’s trajectory, we use the second, smaller burn to correct any inaccuracy and provide the rest of the required boost.” The manoeuvre followed three successful test burns performed in the weeks after launch by Hera’s control team at ESA’s European Space Operations Centre (ESOC) in Germany. The team used the Agency’s deep space radio dishes in Spain, Argentina and Australia to track Hera during the manoeuvre and to precisely measure its velocity before and after each burn. “We are now analysing Hera’s new trajectory following the second burn,” says Francesco Castellini from ESOC’s Flight Dynamics team, the mathematical experts that keep ESA missions across the Solar System on track. “It appears to have gone very well. We will execute a much smaller correction manoeuvre of a few tens of cm/s on 21 November to fine-tune the trajectory for the upcoming Mars flyby.” Mars lends a hand !!! Hera is on a two-year journey to the Didymos binary asteroid system, where it will analyse the results of humankind’s first asteroid deflection experiment. The recent deep-space manoeuvre was carefully calculated to line Hera up for a gravity assist in March 2025 that will shorten the travel time to Didymos. “We are very fortunate that Mars is in the right place at the right time to lend a hand to Hera,” says Pablo Muñoz from ESOC’s Mission Analysis team, who planned Hera’s journey. “This enabled us to design a trajectory that uses the gravity of Mars to accelerate Hera towards Didymos, offering substantial fuel savings to the mission and allowing Hera to arrive at the asteroids months earlier than would otherwise be possible.” Hera will also use the Mars flyby for some opportunistic science. The ESA teams have designed a trajectory that will see the spacecraft fly past Deimos at a distance of just 300 km before passing Mars itself, offering a rare chance to study this small and mysterious martian moon. Hera will then carry out a second deep space manoeuvre in February 2026 before a sequence of rendezvous manoeuvres from October to December 2026 brings it into proximity of the asteroids. At Didymos, Hera will begin its mission to answer questions such as: How and why do binary asteroid systems form? When NASA’s DART mission impacted Didymos’s moonlet Dimorphos in 2022, did it leave a crater, or did it reshape the entire asteroid? What is Dimorphos’s internal structure ?

Asteroid community gathers at ESOC ! It’s a busy time for ESA’s asteroid teams. October saw the launch of the Agency’s first asteroid mission, Hera, and the start of work on its second asteroid mission, the proposed Ramses mission to asteroid Apophis. Meanwhile, ESA’s Near-Earth Object Coordination Centre has continued discovering, tracking and analysing new asteroids from the ground and recently helped to identify the tenth asteroid ever discovered prior to Earth impact. Next week, a team from the Agency's Planetary Defence Office will meet with experts from around Europe and beyond at ESOC in Germany to discuss how to more accurately measure the size of potentially hazardous near-Earth asteroids. This workshop is funded by the European Commission ! Europe’s newest rocket soon launches, taking with it many space missions each with a unique objective, destination and team at home, cheering them on. Whether launching new satellites to look back and study Earth, peer out to deep space or test important new technologies in orbit, Ariane 6’s first flight will showcase the versatility and flexibility of this impressive, heavy-lift launcher. Read on for all about SIDLOC, then see who else is flying first. SIDLOC (Spacecraft Identification and Localization) is an experiment from Greek non-profit the Libre Space Foundation (LSF). Their goal with the project is to help make space safer by speeding up the process of identifying space missions, from satellites to space probes and space stations. Attached to the upper stage of the Ariane 6, the 63 x 63 x 40 mm SIDLOC experiment’s mission is to build an ‘open standard protocol’ to easily, automatically and accurately identify and locate spacecraft. It will do this via a radio-transmitted beacon, tracked and decoded by a network of open-source ground stations, software and hardware. SIDLOC will transmit a broad-spectrum signal deliberately spread out over a large radio bandwidth. Information carried in the signal comes in a standard ‘schema’ – a structure and format consisting of binary data that is modulated to add all the necessary information about the spacecraft to the signal. The structured data format thus allows for the spacecraft's rapid identification and localisation. On Earth, the SatNOGS Network – a global network of open-source ground stations – will receive the signal and demodulate the data, including the spacecraft's ID, and using the Doppler effect will identify the spacecraft's location. In 2021, the Libre Space Foundation initiated an extensive study of the international space industry to identify challenges and vulnerabilities in launching new missions. Several challenges were identified revolving around the fast identification of spacecraft, system capacity and reliability, early pre-orbit functionality and immediate post-deployment activation as well as end-of-mission disposal solutions. The SIDLOC project was born to deal with these issues efficiently. Rapid identification of missions in space helps enhance safety in orbit by reducing the amount of time that space is filled with ‘anonymous’ objects – important for collision avoidance and space traffic management. It also increases the chances of success for missions after launch and deployment as they can be quickly found, communicated with, tracked and controlled. The Libre Space Foundation’s mission is to promote, advance and develop free and open-source technologies and knowledge for space, by designing, and developing space projects from ground station equipment to global monitoring networks and satellite missions and making all of the technologies involved publicly available. The SIDLOC project is no exception, with vast amounts of information about it available in open-source repositories. “This is one of the basic principles that fuels our vision – making space available to all humanity,” explains Pierros Papadeas, Libre Space Foundation's Executive Director, “So, all Libre Space Foundation projects are open-source and strictly follow open-development methodologies. We believe this will increase SIDLOC’s positive impact, which is why the hardware we integrate into the Ariane 6 upper stage is both open-source software and open-hardware licensed”. SIDLOC’s impact, once it is put to use, should be instant, enhancing safety in space as soon as it is implemented. More and more of humankind's infrastructure – scientific, Earth observing and communications – is now space-based. With increasing space activity in both the public and private realms, that space is getting crowded. “By enabling fast and automatic localisation and identification of spacecraft, our infrastructure can become more resilient and efficient, and this is how SIDLOC's impact can have a positive impact for all,” concludes Manthos Papamatthaiou, Chairman of Libre Space Foundation and leader of the SIDLOC initiative. “The SIDLOC experiment on Ariane 6 marks the debut of a technology poised to revolutionise Space Situational Awareness for years to come, potentially weaving itself into the very fabric of the space ecosystem.”

https://www.esa.int/Science_Exploration/Space_Science/Rosetta/Philae_s_extraordinary_comet_landing_relived



compagnon.yanis.tignard @Yanis_Tignard · 17s
LES ROSES ET LES LAURIERS PARCOURS LA RÉPUBLIQUE, L'AUTONOMIE, LA CORSE ET L'INFINI, O DOUCES NATURES DES
SENS, QUI CHERCHENT LUEUR DANS LES
FRUITS ET LES LÉGUMES :
LES AGNEAUX PLEURENT ALORS QUE L'ESPAGNE
GÉMIT EN ESPÉRANT QUE CETTE BOUTEILLE TRAVERSERA LES VASTES OCÉANS !
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L'ÂGE EST UNE ÉTHIQUE ET LA RETRAITE EST GAGNÉE.
POUR ATTEINDRE CES RÉCIFS. POINT UNE PULSION TEL LES MOUVEMENTS DES MARINS
ET LES MŒURS DES SOLDATS, JE RENDS HOMMAGE À LA PETITE SIRÈNE D'ANDERSEN :
LA RÉPUBLIQUE, L'AUTONOMIE, LA CORSE ET L'INFINI DANS L'UNIVERS !
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CONTRE LA RICHESSE SUR LE MENSONGE DES PRINCIPES ET DES RAISONS
QUI VEULENT LEURS SENS DANS LA CROYANCE DES PARDONS :
AVEC LE PHARE, LES MARINS ET LA NATURE, LA VIERGE, L'ENFANT, LES OCÉANS ET LA CRÈCHE
OU LA VEUVE, L'ORPHELIN, LES TERRES ET LES EXODES !
NOUS MANIFESTERONS !
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LE GAZ QUI FLAMBE : C'EST PAS LE DIABLE QUI EST L'IGNOBLE EN L'HISTOIRE.
LA JUSTICE EN L'HORREUR DE LA GUERRE CIVILE D'UKRAINE !
TUER DES PERSONNES POUR LEURS IDÉOLOGIES N'EST PLUS UN ACTE DE GUERRE MAIS UN GÉNOCIDE :
ÊTRE NOTION DE SAUVEGARDE DU SERVICE PUBLIC,
NOUS CROYONS.
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SON ANTÉRIEUR À L'INFINI EST L'INFINI ET IL RESTERA LA DISTANCE SANS QU'ON PUISSE PARLER
DU SOUFFLE DE ÉLOHIM OU YAHVÉ :
C'EST PAS LE DIABLE QUI FOURNIT DES PÉTROLES AUX ÉCRANS DE FUMÉES NÉCESSAIRES POUR QUE DE LA FARINE AUX ŒUFS,
LE GAZ FLAMBE JUSQU'AUX BARILS ET AUX OCÉANS.
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L'ÂME NAVIGUE DANS LE TÉMOIGNAGE : AINSI EST LA NATURE DEVANT LE TEMPS ET LA NAISSANCE FACE À LA RÉALITÉ.
LA RECHERCHE ET LA RESPONSABILITÉ DÉVELOPPENT L'EXPÉRIENCE ET L'EXPRESSION DEMEURE CE MYSTÈRE
QU'EST LA POUSSIÈRE ET SES NUANCES : CES NUAGES DANS L'UNIVERS ET L'INFINI.
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REMPLAÇONS LA VIVISECTION PAR UNE PRISE DE SANG EN AYANT CONSCIENCE DE L'ORGANISME
ET DE SES ALLERGIES. EN DES TERMES MÉDICALES, NOS RÉACTION SONT UNIVERSELLES MAIS LA RÉACTIVITÉ EST TOUJOURS EN LE DOMAINE DU PERSONNEL !
OUI À LA PRESSE : NON À L'ESCLAVAGE, OUI À LA GRÉVE...
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LA RÉACTIVITÉ EST DU DOMAINE DE LA JUSTICE :
NON À L'ESCLAVAGE,
OUI À LA GRÉVE,
NON À LA TORTURE MORALE ET PHYSIQUE,
OUI À L’HYGIÈNE,
NON À LA PAUVRETÉ,
OUI À LA PRESSE,
NON AU VIOLS,
OUI À L'AUTONOMIE,
NON À L'INSULTE ET AUX PARJURES,
NON AUX OUTRANCES, OUI AUX TÉMOIGNAGES.
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TÉMOIGNAGES DU
COMPAGNON TIGNARD YANIS,
LE JUGE DE LA RÉPUBLIQUE DE L'OLIVIER...
MINISTRE DU SECOURISME COMMUN
DE LA RÉPUBLIQUE D’ISRAËL ET DE LA COMMUNAUTÉ PARLEMENTAIRE DE LA PALESTINE,
AINSI QUE PROTECTEUR DE LA COMMUNAUTÉ PARLEMENTAIRE DU SAHARA OCCIDENTAL ET CITOYEN DE LA RÉPUBLIQUE FRANÇAISE !
PN 3286 de la Cour Européenne des droits de la femme, de l'enfant, de l'animal, des plantes, des logiciels, des robots et de l'homme,
ALIAS
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LA CHOUETTE EFFRAIE, THE MOBY DICK OR THE TYTO ALBA DANS LES CLOCHERS DE L'EFFRAIE DE LA DAMA DE BLANCO !
Y'BECCA EN JÉRUSALEM :
les peuples dans le l'horizon, le vent et le verbe vers l'infini, le souffle et le vivant
DANS L'ABNÉGATION DE L’ÉGIDE DE DAME AMANDINE NIETZSCHE-RIMBAUD ET DE DAME CHARLOTTE DU STYLISME ARTISANAL DE LA CHAMBRE SYNDICALE : ÊTRE !
Y'BECCA EN JÉRUSALEM AVEC IN GOD WE TRUST ! Les peuples dans l'horizon vers l'infini !